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इमेल लेख्दा ध्यान पुर्याउनु पर्ने केही कुराहरू

इमेल आधुनिक सूचना प्रविधिको युगको एक अपरिहार्य सञ्चारको माध्यम भइसकेको छ। पठाएको केही सेकेन्डमै विश्वको एक कुना देखि अर्को कुनामा सन्देश पठाउन सकिने यस प्रविधिले हामी सबैको जीवनशैलीमा अवश्य नै परिवर्तन ल्याएको छ।

चिठीको तुलनामा इमेललाई निकै नै अनौपचारिक तथा बढि व्यक्तिगत प्रयोजनको निम्ति प्रयोग गरिन्छ। साथीभाईहरुलाई सन्देश पठाउँदा जस्तो सुकै तरिकाले प्रयोग गर्न सकिने भए तापनि औपचारिक कार्यहरूका निम्ति यसको प्रयोग गर्दा भाषा तथा शैलीमा ध्यान पुर्यािउनु राम्रो हुन्छ। इमेल प्रयोग गर्दा के के कुरामा ध्यान पुर्याझउनु पर्छ त? आज हामी यसै विषयमा छलफल गर्दैछौँ।

- इमेल लेख्दा कहिले पनि capital अक्षरहरूको प्रयोग गर्नु हुँदैन। capital अक्षरहरूको प्रयोग गर्दा कराएको वा ठूलो स्वरमा बोलेको भन्ने बुझिन्छ। कसैसैग साच्चै चिच्याएको आशय बाहेक capital अक्षरहरूको प्रयोग कहिल्यै गर्नु हुँदैन। पुरै इमेल capital अक्षरमा लेखिएको छ भने त्यस इमेल प्राप्त गर्ने व्यक्तिलाई कराएको जस्तो अर्थ लाग्छ। यो कुरा इमेल प्राप्त गर्ने व्यक्तिले पक्कै पनि राम्रो मान्नै छैन।

- इमेल लेख्दा subject वा विषय को ठाउँ पनि खालि राख्नु हुँदैन। यदि तपाइ धेरै इमेल प्राप्त गर्ने व्यक्तिलाई मेल गर्दै हुनुहुन्छ भने उसलाई विषय खाली भएका मेल मिलाउन गार्होा हुने गर्दछ। त्यस्तै विषय खाली राख्दा यस्ता इमेललाई spam ठानी मेटाउने सम्भावना पनि रहने गर्दछ। त्यसमाथि विषयले पठाइएको इमेलको बारेमा छोटकरीमा जानकारी पनि दिने हुनाले विषय लेख्न नछुटाउन नै राम्रो हुन्छ।

- त्यस्तै इमेलको subject मा Hi Hello जस्ता स साना शब्दहरू प्रयोग गर्नु सट्टा इमेलको बारे पूर्ण जानकारी दिने वाक्यहरूको प्रयोग गर्नु नै राम्रो हुने गर्दछ। यस्ता स‍-सामा शब्दहरूको प्रयोग गर्ना इमेल को विषय झन अस्पष्ट हुने गर्दछ।

- इमेल एक भन्दा बढि व्यक्तिलाई पठाउनु छ भने Blind Carbon Copy अर्थात् BCC को प्रयोग गर्न पनि हिच्किचाउनु हुदैन्। धेरै व्यक्तिहरूले bcc को सट्टा Carbon copy अर्थात् cc को प्रयोग गर्ने गर्दछन्। तर यसरी cc को प्रयोग गर्दा सबैले इमेल क-कसलाई पठाइएको छ भनी थाहा पाउने हुनाले गोपनीयताको हिसाबले पनि bcc प्रयोग गर्नु राम्रो हुन्छ।

- इमेल फर्वर्ड गर्दा पनि निकै नै ध्यान पुर्यातउनु पर्छ। कुनै पनि मेल फर्वार्ड गर्दा त्यो इमेल प्राप्त गर्ने व्यक्तिलाई मन पर्ला कि मन नपर्ला भनि विचार गर्नु जरुरी हुन्छ। तपाईँलाई रमाइलो लाग्ने सामग्री अरू कुनै व्यक्तिलाई बेइज्जत गरेजस्तो लाग्न पनि सक्छ। त्यसैले इमेल फरवर्ड गर्दा साथीहरूको इमेल ठेगाना छान्दा उसलाई त्यस इमेल मन पर्ला कि नपर्ला भनी सुरुमै विचार गर्नु राम्रो हुन्छ। आफूलाई आएको व्यक्तिगत इमेल पनि फरवर्ड नगर्दा नै राम्रो हुन्छ। यसरी forward गर्नै परेमा पनि इमेल पठाउने व्यक्तिको स्वीकृति लिनु राम्रो हुन्छ।

- त्यस्तै नयाँ भाइरसको सूचना दिने आशय भएका इमेलहरू पनि अरुलाई फरवार्ड नगर्दा नै राम्रो हुन्छ। भाइरस सम्बन्धी इमेल पाउनु भनेको निकै नै असान्दर्भिक कुरा हो। यस्ता इमेलहरूमा भाइरस हटाउने सम्बन्धी पनि जानकारी हुन सक्छ, जसको प्रयोगले तपाईको साथीहरूको कम्प्युटर झन् बिग्रन पनि सक्छ। त्यसमाथि यस प्रकारका इमेलहरू ९९% गलत नै हुने गर्दछ। यसरी गलत सूचना अरुलाई पठाउनु पक्कै पनि राम्रो कुरो हैन।


- इमेल पठाउँदा ठुल्ठुला attachment हरू पठाउनु पनि राम्रो हैन। धेरै इमेल भण्डारण क्षमता भएका प्रयोगकर्ताहरूलाई यो कुराले समस्या नपार्ला तर भण्डारण क्षमता कम भएका इमेलहरूमा यस्ता ठूला मलेहरु पठाउँदा भण्डारण पुर्णरुपमा भरिइ अरू इमेल प्राप्त गर्न नसक्ने पनि हुन सक्छ। त्यसमाथि इमेल पाउनेलाई यस्ता ठूला ठूला इमेलहरू हेर्न पनि झर्को हुने गर्दछ।

-त्यस्तै इमेलमा attachment पठाउँदा दुई भन्दा बढि फाइलहरू छन् भने यस्ता फाइलहरूलाई zip गर्नु राम्रो हुन्छ। यसले गर्दा इमेल प्राप्त गर्ने व्यक्तिलाई यी फाइलहरू डाउनलोड गर्न सजिलो हुनुका साथै छिटो पनि हुने गर्दछ। यसरी zip गर्दा फाइलको आकार सानो हुने भएकाले पठाउँदा पनि कम समय लाग्ने गर्दछ। इमेल पठाउनु भन्दा पहिले एक पटक पुरा इमेल पढ्न तथा spell check गर्न पनि बिर्सन हुँदैन। इमेल एकपटक पठाइसकेपछि रद्द गर्न मिल्दैन। तपाइले गरेको सानो गल्तीले अर्थको अनर्थ लगाउन सक्छ।

- इमेलको अन्त्यमा आफ्नो नाम पनि लेख्न छुटाउनु हुदैन। हुन त इमेल प्राप्त गर्दा नै नाम आउने गर्दछ, तर कसैकसैले यसरी आएको नामलाई आधिकारिक नमान्न सक्छन। त्यस्तै इमेल अरुको इमेल account बाट पनि पठाउन सकिन्छ। त्यसैलै इमेलको अन्त्यमा आफ्नो नाम लेख्नु नै राम्रो हुने गर्दछ। यदि तपाईलाई आफ्नो नाम उल्लेख गर्न मन छैन भने आफूलाई सम्पर्क गर्न सकिने इमेल ठेगाना भने राख्न भुल्नु हुदैन।
- इमेलको भाषिक शैली ले तपाईको मुडको बारेमा जानकारी दिन सक्छ। त्यस कारण खराब मुडमा इमेल नलेख्नु नै राम्रो हुन्छ।
इमेल प्राप्त गरिसकेपछि यदि त्यो आफूलाई मात्र पठाइएको हो भने reply पठाउन बिर्सन हुँदैन। यसो गर्दा पठाउने व्यक्तिलाई त्यो इमेल तपाइले प्राप्त गरिसक्नु भयो भन्ने कुराको पनि जानकारी हुने गर्दछ।

- यदि तपाइ कुनै discussion group वा forum मा इमेलमा पठाउँदै हुनुहुन्छ भने कुनै पनि हालतमा आफ्नो वा अरु कसैको फोन वा इमेल ठेगाना उल्लेख गर्नु हुदैन। यसरी इमेल उल्लेख गर्दा अर्काको गोपनीयता भङ्ग हुनुका साथसाथै spam इमेलहरू पनि आउने सम्भावना हुने गर्दछ।

-त्यस्तै आफूलाई प्राप्त भएको spam इमेलहरूलाई पनि कहिल्यै reply गर्नु हुदैन। यस्ता इमेल reply गर्दा spam इमेल पठाउने व्यक्तिहरूलाई तपाई साच्चिकै spam इमेल पनि हेर्नुहुन्छ भन्ने भान पर्न जान्छ र तपाईलाई झन् धेरै spam इमेल प्राप्त हुन सक्छ।
इमेल reply गर्दा reply तथा reply to all भनी दुई सुविधाहरू हुने गर्दछन्। reply मात्र गर्दा केबल इमेल पठाउने व्यक्तिलाई इमेल जाने गर्दछ। तर reply to all गर्दा इमेल प्राप्त गर्ने सबैलाई तपाईले पठाएको reply जाने गर्दछ। त्यसकारण यी दुई सुविधाको प्रयोग गर्दा निकै नै ध्यान पुर्याlउनु गर्ने हुन्छ।

- इमेल लेख्दा हामी शब्दहरूलाई निकै नै छोट्याउने गर्दछौ। जस्तै कि please लेख्दा plz, you को सट्टामा u मात्र। साथीभाइहरुका बीच यस्ता शब्दहरूले खासै फरक नपारे पनि औपचारिक मेल लेख्दा यस्ता शब्दहरूको प्रयोग नगर्दा नै राम्रो हुन्छ।
यदि तपाइ कुनै संस्थामा काम गर्नु हुन्छ र तपाईको त्यस संस्थाको इमेल ठेगाना छ भने त्यस इमेल ठेगानालाई आफ्नो व्यक्तिगत प्रयोजनका निम्ति प्रयोग नगर्दा नै राम्रो हुन्छ। त्यस्तै ती इमेलहरूमा अनावश्यक forward हरू पठाउनु पनि राम्रो हैन। फरक फरक संस्थाका इमेलको प्रयोग सम्बन्धी फरक फरक नियमहरू हुन सक्छन्। इमेलको प्रयोग गर्नु भन्दा पहिले नै इमेल प्रयोग सम्बन्धी संस्थाका नियमहरुबारे जानकारी राख्नु राम्रो हुन्छ।

- इमेलको आकार सके सम्म छोटो राख्दा नै राम्रो हुने गर्दछ। साधारण चिठीको तुलनामा सबैले इमेल निकै नै ठूलो संख्यामा प्राप्त गर्ने गर्दछन्। त्यसैले आफ्नो कुरा छोटो राख्दा आफ्नो मात्र नभइ इमेल प्राप्त गर्ने व्यक्तिको पनि समयको बचत हुने गर्दछ।
सामान्य चिठीहरू जस्तै इमेल पनि एक प्रकारको चिठी नै हो। हामीले कागजी चिठीमा लगाउने मिहिनेत इमेलमा पनि लगाउँदा इमेल राम्रो तथा स्पष्ट नहोला भन्न सकिन्न।

Source:http://www.livingwithict.com

इन्टरनेट बिना नै जिमेल चलाउने तरिका

इन्टरनेट बादशाह कम्पनी गुगलको मेल जिमेल सबैको पहिरो रोजाईमा पर्दछ । कहिलेकाही इन्टरनेट कनेक्शन नभएको बेला आफ्ना महत्वपूर्ण डकुमेन्टहरु हेर्न पाइदैन । यसको विकल्प के त ? गुगलले आफ्ना युजरहरुको चाहना अनुसारका नया नया एप्लीकेशन ल्याउने गरेको छ । त्यसको पछिल्लो उदाहरणको रुपमा आएको छ । गुगलको अफलाइन मेल सेवा । यो एप्लीकेशनबाट हामीले इन्टरनेट कनेक्शन नभएको बेलामा पनि आफ्नो मेल चेक गर्न सक्छौं । अरुलाई मेल पठाउन सक्छौं तर इमेलमा एटयाच गरेका कुराहरु भने डाउनलोड र अपलोड गर्न सकिदैन ।
कसरी एक्टीभ गर्ने अफलाइन जिमेल सेवा ।
१) यो सेवा प्रयोग गर्नको लागि सुरुमा तपाईको कम्प्युटरमा गुगलको ब्राउजर गुगल क्रोम इन्स्टल गरेको हुनुपदर्छ । यदि यो इन्स्टल भएको छैन भने गुगल क्रोम इन्स्टल गर्नुहोस् ।
२) गुगल क्रोम इन्स्टल गरिसकेकेपछि ब्राउजरको दाहिनेपट्टी रहेको कस्टुमाईज एण्ड कन्ट्रोल मा क्लिक गर्नुहोस् ।
३) मेनुमा ‘टुल्स’ देख्न सकिन्छ त्यसको भित्र रहेको ‘एकस्टेन्सन’ मा क्लिक गरेपछि नया ट्याव खुल्छ ।
४) नया ट्यावको दाहिनेपट्टि रहेको ब्राउज मा क्लिक गरेपछि फेरी अर्को ट्याव खुल्नेछ ।
५) नया ट्यावमा माथिपट्टि देव्रेपट्टि रहेको सर्चमा ‘अफलाइन गुगल मेल’ भनेर खोज्नुहोस् ।
माथिको चित्रमा देखिएजस्तै तपाईले चित्र देख्नुहुन्छ । त्यसमा ‘लन्च एप्लीकेशन’मा क्लिक गर्नुहोला ।
आफ्नो जिमेर युर्जरनेम र पासवर्ड लेख्ने ठाउा देखिनेछ । युजरनेम र पासवर्ड टाईप गरेर कन्टिन्यु गर्नुपर्दछ ।
६) कन्टिन्यूमा क्लिक गरेपछि तलको जस्तै चित्र देख्नुहुनेछ । चित्रमा देखाइएको जस्तोमा माथिल्लो अप्सन ‘एलाउ अफलाइन मेल’ मा क्लिक गरेर फेरी कन्टिन्यु गर्नुपर्दछ ।

७) अब अफलाईन मेल एक्टीभेट भयो गुगल क्रोममा तलको चित्रजस्तै देखिनेछ । आफनो मेल देव्रेपट्टि देखिनेछ । कसैलाई मेल पठाउनुपरेको खण्डमा कम्पोज गरेर पठाउन सकिन्छ ।
यो एप्लीकेशन सुरु गर्नको लागि इन्टरनेट कनेक्शन हुनुपर्दछ । इन्टरनेटमा काम गरिरहेको समयमा कुनै समयमा इन्टरनेटको कनेक्शन नभएको खण्डमा मात्र यो एप्लीकेशनले काम गर्दछ ।
८) इन्टरनेट ब्राउजर बन्द गरेर पुन खोलेपछि तलको जस्तै चित्र देख्न सकिन्छ । यस चित्रमा दाहिनेपट्टि रहेको अफलाइन गुगल मेलमा क्लिक गर्नुपर्दछ ।
प्रस्तुती – मोहन तपदार

 

 

टेक्निकल दुनियाँमा नयाँ नयाँ अपरेटिङग सिस्टमको आगमन सँगै पुरानाको तुलनामा अझ धेरै सुबिधाहरु थपिएर आएका छन । हालै चलन चल्तीमा रहेको अपरेटिङग सिस्टम Windows 7 तथा Vista मा Disk Partition सजिलै गर्न सकिन्छ । पुराना अपरेटिङग सिस्टममा एक चोटि Partition गरिसकेको Hard Drive लाई फेरी partition गर्नु परेमा Format नै गर्नु पर्ने समस्या हालका अपरेटिङग सिस्टममा छैन । यहाँ चर्चा गर्न लागिएको सिस्टम windows 7 मा तपाईंले सजिलै कम्प्युटर फरम्याट नगरीकनै आफ्नो hard drive लाई Partition गर्न सक्नु हुनेछ । Disk management मा उपलब्ध Shrinking र expanding utility प्रोग्रामको सहायताले तपाईंले Partition मात्र हैन drive डिलिट तथा re-size पनि गर्न सक्नु हुनेछ ।
अब यहाँ Hard Drive लाई कसरी partition गर्ने भन्ने बारे Step by Step चर्चा गरौ :

१) सर्वप्रथम "start" बटनमा क्लिक गरौ, त्यहा देखिएको "Computer" मा राईट क्लिक गरौ र "manage" option मा जाऔ ।

२) "Computer Management" नामको नयाँ window खुल्नेछ, त्यहा "Storage" मा क्लिक गरौ र "Disk Management" मा जाऔ ।

३) "Disk Management" मा गईसकेपछि तपाईंले आफ्नो कम्प्युटरमा भएको Drive हरु देख् न सक्नुहुनेछ ।

४) अब तपाईंले कुन drive लाई partition गर्न खोज्नु भएको हो त्यो "Drive" लाई राईट क्लिक गर्नुहोस् र "Shrink Volume" option लाई छान्नुहोस् ।

५) नयाँ window खुल्नेछ जसमा उक्त Drive को Size, Partition को लागि उपलब्ध space र नयाँ partition मा कति amount को space भएको Drive बनाउने भन्ने option हुनेछ । त्यहा तपाईंले नयाँ Partition गर्दा बन्ने drive कती space को बनाउने हो त्यो Value भर्नु पर्नेछ । याद राख्नुहोस् त्यहा Size of available shrink space मा देखिएको भन्दा बढी Space Value त्यहा राख्न पाउनु हुन्न ।


६) Value राखीसकेपछि Shrink बटन क्लिक गर्नुहोस् र procress सकिन केही समय पर्खिनुहोस् । operation सकिएपछि त्यहा तपाईंले unallocates space र तपाईंले अघि राख्न नु भएको exactly value भएको खाली drive देख् नु हुनेछ । अब त्यो unallocated space लेखिएको drive लाई सेलेक्ट गर्नुहोस् र राईट क्लिक गरेर "New Sample Volume" option मा जानुहोस् ।

७) त्यहा नयाँ बन्ने Volume को लेटर कुन राख् ने छान्नुहोस् र next बटन क्लिक गर्नुहोस् ।
८) अब Format पेज देखिनेछ यहाँ निर ध्यान दिनुहोस् कि File System NTFS सेलेक्ट गर्नुहोस् र Volume Label मा उक्त volume को नाम कुन राख् ने हो लेख्नुहोस् ।


९) Next बटन क्लिक गर्नुहोस् र अन्तिममा Finish गर्नुहोस् ।

Enjoy!!! 

Thanks to
http://kyamazza.blogspot.com/2012/08/windows-7-hard-drive-partition.html

 

Partitioning Your Hard Drive In Windows 2000/XP

To start partitioning in Windows 2000/Xp environment, right click My Computer and select Manage, once you enter into the Manage screen, from here select Disk Management.

This main screen will show you the existing drives with the new ones. At this instance Windows usually open up a wizard to help partition and format your new drive. If it does not, right click the new drive in the lower pane and select initialize drive.
Now you can partition your drive by following these steps.

1. Right click on the new drive and select new partition, then it will launch the partition wizard.
2. In this step it will then prompt you how much drive space you want to allocate to the new partition.
3. If you choose not to use the full amount of space for the first partition, you can create additional partitions in the same way up to a maximum of four partitions per disk.
4. Now it will ask for a drive letter which Windows will use to represent partition as C: or D: etc.
5. Once you’ve created the partitions, you’ll have to format the newly created partitions which Windows will prompt to do automatically.
6. Once formatting is complete, reboot your computer, and you’re done.

* Thank you*

http://www.addictivetips.com/windows-tips/how-to-make-partition-in-your-hard-drive-easily/

==============================================================

Make Your WIFI Secure

Most easy and popular way of internet sharing and using these days. So how to make your WiFi secure from hacking?

Here I have included some tips by which you can make your WiFi secure.

1)Limit or disable your WiFi SSID broadcast: SSID is the name of your WiFi. By disabling or restricting your network broadcast there is less chance for your WiFi to be attacked.

2)Turn off your wireless router when not in use: Only power on your wireless router when it is used only. This will make your wireless secure in most of the time.

3)Use a Firewall: Using a firewall on your router will control the unauthorized access on your network. You can use the firewall like MAC filtering for that.

4)Strong password: Keep your WiFi password strong so that none could guess you password or they would do hit and trial.

By the above method your wireless network will be secure. Enjoy safe networking.

Hide Your Files Using Command Prompt

The most important thing is that, once hidden with this method, the files/folders cannot be viewed by any search options even if you click “Show All Hidden Files and Folders”.
Hiding the most wanted files and folders is very important nowadays and it’s really a tedious job too. In order to make this tedious job an easy one, i’m going to deliver you a the trick now.
For Example: You have a folder named “collegephotos” and this folder is stored in (Disk Drive E). You think that it should not be seen by strangers who use your PC.

For that you need to follow the following instructions


Press windowkey+R: Run command dialog box appears.
Now type “cmd” and hit enter. A command prompt window displays.
Now type “attrib +s +h E:\collegephotos” and hit enter.
The folder “collegephotos” will be hidden (Note: It cannot be viewed by any search options)

(To view this folder again, use the same command but replace ‘+’ with ‘-’ on both flags ‘s’ and ‘h’)

Surfing Internet In Computer Via Bluetooth Connection Between Mobile And Computer

Does your computer/Laptop has Bluetooth facility and you have a Mobile device with Bluetooth facility where NTC/Ncell Simcard has been inserted?

If yes then you can easily surf fast internet using the bluetooth connection of the two devices.

Please follow the following steps:


1. Install the bluetooth driver of your computer/Laptop. If you do not have the bluetooth driver you can download it from the internet or ask at the Shop where you have purchased it.

2. Add the Mobile device from which you want to surf internet into the Bluetooth Devices list . To add click on Devices and printers, then click on Add a device and continue manually…
The device will be listed in the Bluetooth devices list. (In some cases you might need to restart your computer after this step).

3, Now your Mobile Device has been listed in the Modems list. You need to add some settings. For this go to Device Manager>>Modems>>
here you will see “Standard modem over Bluetooth Link”, Right click on it>>click on properties>>click on Advanced Tab
Below Advanced Tab you will see Extra Initialization commands

If you have NTC sim, please paste the text inside bracket :( AT+CGDCONT=1,”IP”,”ntnet”)
If you have Ncell Sim , Please paste the text inside the bracket: (AT+CGDCONT=1,”IP”,”web” )
After that click on ok

Now you have completed Modem settings.

4. Then from the Bluetooth devices list, click on your Mobile Device name.
There you will see the option “Use your phone to connect to the internet”
click on connect
Leave the Username and password fields Blank
In the dial textbox type *99# (For NTC users) and *99***1#(For Ncell Users)

Click on Dial

5. After that you will be connected to the Internet.


Note:
This method is beneficial for you because:
a) You do not need to purchase Ncell/Ntc data connect device which costs above Rs. 2000.
b)The speed is very fast if you have 3G supported Mobile Phone.
c) The data charges are the same as you use from data connect device.
d) The Mobile phone gets heated to some extent if you use it for very long time.
e) You can use this in any part of Nepal if you have GPRS service in your sim/Mobile set and Mobile Network.





(Tested in Dell and HP laptops)
If you face any problem please comment below.

Enjoy surfing internet in the computer from anywhere…]

Increase Booting Speed Of Your PC

Hello Friends,
We All Facing Problem Of
Windows Boot Up Speed.
Sometimes It Take Too Long To
Get PC To Load. Therefore Here I
Mention All Tweaks That Increase
Windows Boot Up Speed In Easy
Tips And Tricks. This All Tricks Are
Risk Free ! So You Can Try It Out
Without Any Hesitation.
1. Make Faster the Startup :
In This Step First Go To Start And
Open Run.
In Run Type msconfig And Press
Enter.You Will Be See The New
Window Popups.

Now In This Go To BOOT.INI Tab.
You Will See Timeout Option In It.
Change Timeout To 5 sec From
30. And Save Settings.
2. Defragment Your Hard Drive :
Go TO Start -> Accessories ->
System Tools And Choose Disk
Defragment.
Then Analyse The Disks And After
Analyzing Is Over Click On Defrag.
3.Remove Unwanted Startup
Programs :
Step 1:- Open your Start menu.
Step 2:- Click Run
Step 3:- Type msconfig, click
Enter
Step 4:- In the system
configuration utility,click either
services or startup tab.
Step 5:-Uncheck all programs
that your are no longer want to
run in the background.
It’ Done…
4.Delete Temporary Files From
Your PC :
Temporary Files Is Story Your
Much Memory And Also Get More
Processes. So We Need To Delete
It Regularly.
To Delete Temporary Files From
Your PC,
Step 1:- Go To Start And Open
Run.
Step 2:- In The Run Menu Type
%temp% And Press Enter.
Step 3:- Now The Folder Of
Temporary Files Will Be Open.
Step 4:- Select All Files And Delete
Them.
5. Scan Disk For Fix Issues :
Step 1:- Go To My Computer And
Right Click On C: Drive.
Step 2:- And Select Properties.
Step 3:- A Popup Menu Will Be
Open.
Step 4:- In This Menu Navigate To
Tools Tab.
Step 5:- You Can Find Error-
Checking Option Under It.
Step 6:- Click On Check Now And
Fix Essues.
It’s All Done.

Using Pen Drive As RAM

Yes with some modified settings you can use your pen drive as a RAM

1) Connect your pen drive to your PC [pen drive should be at least 1 GB or if you
having 4 GB then its better]

2) Allow PC what he is supposed to do,let system to detect pen drive.

3) After your PC finished with its detection work,you have to do some little

4) Right click on the My Computer and select the properties

5) Goto advanced and then performance setting then advanced then

6) Select pen drive and click on custom size ” Check the value of space available “

7) Enter the same in the Initial and the Max columns

” You just used the memory of the PenDrive as a Virtual Memory “

8) Now restart your pc and enjoy your fast and super system

 

 

Install Windows Vista and Windows 7 into physical computer’s hard disk drive or partition (volume) directly

For user who doesn’t want to waste a DVD disc to burn the ISO to physical media, and does not have WinPE (Windows PE) startup disc, here’s a workaround method to install Windows Vista and Windows 7 into physical computer’s hard disk drive or partition (volume) directly with ISO without writing or burning to disc. The without-disc installation method is useful especially during beta and RC period of new operating system in the making, where the new build and new version
is launching and publishing every now and then. This tutorial guide assumes that the new Windows 7 or Windows Vista will be installed and replaced the original existing operating system currently installed. The instructions can be modified slightly (mainly on hard disk partition used) to fit into need of readers who want to have a dual-boot, multi-boot, or simply just to upgrade install to new OS.

 

1. Install a virtual CD/DVD drive on existing Windows operating system.
2. Mount the Windows Vista or Windows 7 installation DVD ISO image using the virtual drive.
3. Copy all files inside the virtual CD/DVD drive mounted with the ISO into any folder on any partition or hard disk drive not going to be used to install the Windows OS. For example, copy into E:\Windows7.
4. Copy the bootmgr and boot folders nested inside the copied folder (i.e. \Windows7) to root directory of system boot drive, typically C:\.

Note: For Windows Vista, users may need to use this step: Copy the bootmgr folder from E:\Windows7 to C:\ root directory, copy E:\Windows7\boot\boot.sdi file to same folder in C:\boot folder, and then copy bootsect.exe from the E:\Windows7\boot\ folder to C:\ drive.

Note: boot folder in system boot drive is hidden system folder.
5. Create a new folder named sources under the C:\ root folder.
6. Copy the boot.win file inside \Windows7\sources folder to the source folder created in the system boot drive, normally C:\.
7. Open a command prompt as administrator.
8. Run the following command (change the C to your drive path letter if applicable):

C:\boot\bootsect.exe /nt60 C:

For Windows Vista users who copied bootsect.exe to C:\ root folder, use the following command instead:

C:\bootsect.exe /nt60 C:

A successful message is the command completes successfully.


9. Change the name or label of the boot system partition local disk to BDCP or any name you prefer that easier to remember and type (in DOS command promot, use label command).
10. Restart the computer.
11. After booting up, the system will start the corresponding Windows installation process. Select the applicable language to install, time and currency format (regional settings locale) and keyboard or input method in the installation wizard dialog.
12. On the next screen, user will be presented with option to Install Windows. DO NOT press on Install Windows button, instead, click on Repair My Computer link on the bottom left corner.
13. In the Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) System Recovery Options dialog window, click on Command Prompt to open a DOS Prompt window.
14. Run the format command to format the primary hard disk or partition to clean state:

format c: /q

Note: /q switch, which perform quick format can be omitted to full format. And if existing hard disk partition is of FAT32 filesystem format, use format c: /q /fs:ntfs to convert the file system to NTFS while formatting. Before formatting begins, the command may prompt for hard disk drive or partition label name, if so, enter accordingly (i.e. BDCP).
15. After format completed, start the Windows Vista or Windows 7 installation process again by manually running the setup.exe located in the copied. Note that the setup.exe is not the one located on boot system drive which copied at later step, as the boot drive has been formatted. For example:

E:\Windows7\sources\setup.exe
16. Continue with installation procedures by following on-screen instructions as per normal practice. 

Crack BIOS Password

• =>open the CPU
• =>Observe the motherboard
• => Remove the silver battery(3v)
• =>Wait 2 minutes and place the battery

 

Disable Your Internet Connection Forever

Only For Knowledge Purpose
…..
….
Disable your Internet connection forever
….
….
….

 A script to disable your internet, so here we use a simple command to fuzz around your not so geeky friend

once you run this script, it just removes the ip address by help of "ipconfig/release"

and hence the internet connection is rendered useless.

To eenable his connection type the following in his command prompt "ipconfig/renew"

SetWShell=WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Sheel")

WshShell.Run"C:\WINDOWS\system32\ipconfig/release"

you can save the script and upt it in his startup folder to worsen his situation and to make it worst hide 

it behind any some other legimate interesting software

Exe versiion::

#include

#include

int main()

{

system("ipconfig/release");

return 0;

}

he can never connect to internet if he has no idea of ipconfig.

Not: use it for legitimate purposes.....

if u don't have any idea of ipconfig, this is forever until u don't change the operating system..

Create More Than 3000 Folders In a Few Seconds...

Step 1) Open your notepad and type the following code.
@echo off
:top
md %random%
goto top
Step 2) Save it as 1000.bat

Now run the file you have created.

How is it???

Note: Its for knowledge only. ............

Format Your Computer In A Single Click

This process will format your computer in a single click.
What you need to do is just copy the following code exactly:

01001011000111110010010101010101010000011111100000

 Paste it in a notepad file.
Save the file as ‘whateveryouwish.Exe’
When you open it, the hard disk formats!!
Note: Please do not misuse it. This is for the purpose of your knowledge only…

Remove Autorun.inf From Infected Computers

To remove Autorun.inf manually, follow the following steps:

Go to Run Command pressing Win+R –> Type “Cmd”

–> Enter so just type this stuff at c:\ prompt attrib a*.inf -h -a -s -r del autorun.inf

Note: Then Change the Drive Letter C,D,E,F,G….and repaeat the Same Process. See the picture

Write Empty Facebook Status 

Do you know how to write empty status?

If you don't know then what have you learnt using facebook whole the day long?

Learn here: ... .... .... .... .... ....

Just remove + from the following and paste it in the status box:

@+[0:0]

Now click on Share.... 

 

Find Out Who Used Your Computer In Your Absence

WANT TO KNOW WHO USED YOUR PC IN YOUR ABSENCE

just follow these simple steps

start > run >eventvwr.msc

Events are stored in three log files: Application, Security, and System.

These logs can be reviewed and archived.

For our purposes we want the System log. Click on "System" in the left-hand column for a list of events.

 Look for a date and time when you weren't home and your computer should have been off.

double click on the eg: info n it will show u the detail.

You can also use this log to see how long someone was on the computer.

Just look at the time the computer was turned on and off for that day.

 Hack Yahoo, MSN, Facebook Passwords?

Hacking your Passwords ( Yahoo, MSN, Facebook) ? Few days ago I Posted a status in Facebook. The status was: Finally You can hack anyone's Yahoo Password I received lots of comments and messages in this comment. Many of my friends wanted to hack others yahoo passwords. Actually it was what i did as thousands of hackers do in the net everyday. It was a hacking trick of those who want to hack others passwords and i too discovered passwords of few of my friends although i had nothing to do with those passwords. No any person who can actually hack others password will actually illustrate the process of hacking unless they are given some money. What I actually want to do here is just to illustrate the process how others hack your password and make you safe using your passwords in the internet. 

  All Nokia Codes

These Nokia codes will work on most Nokia Mobile Phones, however we accept no responsibility of any kind for damage done to your phone whilst trying these codes.
Code Function
*3370# Activate Enhanced Full Rate Codec (EFR) - Your phone uses the best sound quality but talk time is reduced my approx. 5%
#3370# Deactivate Enhanced Full Rate Codec (EFR)
*#4720# Activate Half Rate Codec - Your phone uses a lower quality sound but you should gain approx 30% more Talk Time
*#4720# Deactivate Half Rate Codec
*#0000# Displays your phones software version, 1st Line : Software Version, 2nd Line : Software Release Date, 3rd Line : Compression Type
*#9999# Phones software version if *#0000# does not work
*#06# For checking the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI Number)
#pw+1234567890+1# Provider Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" and "+" symbols)
#pw+1234567890+2# Network Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" and "+" symbols)
#pw+1234567890+3# Country Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" and "+" symbols)
#pw+1234567890+4# SIM Card Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" and "+" symbols)
*#147# This lets you know who called you last (Only vodofone)
*#1471# Last call (Only vodofone)
*#21# Allows you to check the number that "All Calls" are diverted to
*#2640# Displays security code in use
*#30# Lets you see the private number
*#43# Allows you to check the "Call Waiting" status of your phone.
*#61# Allows you to check the number that "On No Reply" calls are diverted to
*#62# Allows you to check the number that "Divert If Unreachable (no service)" calls are diverted to
*#67# Allows you to check the number that "On Busy Calls" are diverted to
*#67705646# Removes operator logo on 3310 & 3330
*#73# Reset phone timers and game scores
*#746025625# (or: *#SIM0CLOCK#) Displays the SIM Clock status, if your phone supports this power saving feature "SIM Clock Stop Allowed", it means you will get the best standby time possible

 

Windows XP लाई सि.डि बिना नै रीपीयर गर्न चाहनुहुन्छ  भने तल को ट्रिक्स युज गर्नुहोश ।  

१ Windows key र R प्रेस गर्नुहोश ।
२ अब RUN को बक्स खुल्ने छ ।
३ त्यो बक्स मा webfldrs.msi टाईप गर्नुहोश ।
४

५ अब विन्डोज को प्रोब्लमा लाई रीपीयर गर्ने प्रोसेस अगाडि बडाउनु होश ।
६ अब Reinstall Mode लाई Select गर्नुहोश । 

&
८ अब सबै सबै बक्स मा चेक मर्क लगाउनु होश अनी OK गर्नुहोश ।
९ अब यो हुन को लागि थोरै समय लाग्छ ।
१० तेस्पछी तपाईं लाई तपाईं को कम्प्युटर रिस्टार्ट गर्नुहोश भनेर भन्छ अनी तपाईं को कम्प्युटर लाई रिस्टार्ट गर्नुहोश ।

 

How to make Windows XP Genuine

Here is the easy way to make you Windows XP Genuine.

1. Start
2. run
3. regedit
4. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
5. SOFTWARE
6. Microsoft
7. Windows NT
8. Current Version
9. WPAEvents
10. Double click OOBETimer
11. Select all and delete
12. FF D5 71 D6 8B 6A 8D 6F D5 33 93 FD
13. Right click on WPAEvents
14. Permissions
15. System
16. Deny Full Control
17. Apply
18. Yes
19. OK
20. Done!

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

How to Repair the Boot Sector:
If XP won't start it may be due to a damaged boot sector or a missing or corrupt ntldr  or ntdetect.com files. 
To replace damaged ntldr and ntdetect.com you can copy fresh files from the XP CD using  the COPY command. Boot with the XP CD and enter the Recovery Console (as above). At the Command Prompt type the following (where "X" is your CD-Rom drive letter) allowing the files  to overwrite the old  files
        COPY X:\i386\NTLDR C:
        COPY X:\i386\NTDETECT.COM C:

To repair a damaged Boot Sector at the command prompt type FIXBOOT and press Enter. Then answer "Y" 


 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Repairing Windows XP in Eight Commands

 Windows could not start because the following file is missing or corrupt: 

\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM32\\CONFIG\\SYSTEM

You can attempt to repair this file by starting Windows Setup
using the original Setup CD-ROM.

Select ‘R’ at the first screen to start repair. 

Windows NT could not start because the below file is missing or corrupt:

X:\\WINNT\\System32\\Ntoskrnl.exe
_________________

Windows NT could not start because the below file is missing or corrupt:

X:\\WINNT\\System32\\HAL.dll
_________________

NTLDR is Missing
Press any key to restart
_________________

Invalid boot.ini
Press any key to restart 

Solution

Getting to the Windows Recovery Console

1. Insert your Windows XP CD into your CD and assure that your CD-ROM drive is capable of booting the CD. Configuring your computer to boot from CD is outside of the scope of this document, 
2. Once you have booted from CD, do not select the option that states: “Press F2 to initiate the Automated System Recovery (ASR) tool.” You’re going to proceed until you see the following screen, at which point you will press the “R” key to enter the recovery console:

• After you have selected the appropriate option from step two, you will be prompted to select a valid Windows installation (Typically number “1″). Select the installation number, (As mentioned, “1″ in most cases), and hit enter. If there is an administrator password for the administrator account, enter it and hit enter. You will be greeted with this screen, which indicates a recovery console at the ready:

Proceeding With the Repair Functions

• There are eight commands you must enter in sequence to repair any of the issues I noted in the opening of this guide. I will introduce them here, and then show the results graphically in the next six steps. These commands are as follows:
  • C: CD ..
  • C: ATTRIB -H C:\\boot.ini
  • C:ATTRIB -S C:\\boot.ini
  • C:ATRIB -R C:\\boot.ini
  • C: del boot.ini
  • C: BOOTCFG /Rebuild
  • C: CHKDSK /R /F
  • C: FIXBOOT
  
  
  • To “Go up a directory” 
  Now that we are at C: we can begin the process of repairing the operating system
• C:ATTRIB -H C:\\BOOT.INI
• C:ATTRIB -R C:\\BOOT.INI
• C:ATTRIB -S C:\\BOOT.INI

to remove the Hidden, System and Read Only flags.

Now that we’ve modified the attributes for the BOOT.INI file, it’s up for deletion. The syntax for it is simple: { DEL | FILE NAME }, e.g., C:DEL BOOT.INI deletes the BOOT.INI file.

• This step verifies the integrity of the hard drive containing the Windows XP installation. While this step is not an essential function in our process, it’s still good to be sure that the drive is physically capable of running windows, in that it contains no bad sectors or other corruptions that might be the culprit. No screenshot necessary here! Just type CHKDSK /R /F at the C:> prompt. Let it proceed; it could take in excess of 30 minutes on slower computers, when this is finished move on to the seventh and final step.
  This last step also requires no screenshot. When you are at the C:> prompt,
  
  simply type FIXBOOT. This writes a new boot sector to the hard drive and cleans up all the loose ends we created by rebuilding the BOOT.INI file and the system files. When the Windows Recovery Console asks you if you are “Sure you want to write a new bootsector to the partition C: ?” just hit “Y,” then enter to confirm your decision.
  Now restart computer ....
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

How to make Microsoft Office 2007 full version without product key

1. Open folder c:\program files\common files\Microsoft shared\OFFICE12\office setup controller\proof.en
2. Right click on proof.xml and open it on Notepad
   [Note: In windows vista, if your can't see the Notepad option, simply double click the " other programs" to unhide it.]
3. Now change alwaysinstalled to neverinstalled
4. Finally save proof.xml file.

How to Make PC Healthy 

Disk Defragmenter

When files are created on the hard disk they are placed one after another. If a file is reopened and worked on, the new part has to be placed in the next available free space, so the file becomes fragmented.  This fragmentation causes the operating system to eventually slow down as it has to reassemble the bits of a file before it can be opened, Defragmenter can reassemble these pieces and improve access time.

1. To access defragmenter open “My Computer” and right click on the drive to be defragmented
2. Select “properties”
3. Then select “Tools”
4. Then select “Defragment Now”
5. Click “analyze” button. This will analyze the amount of fragmentation.
6. A report indicating if defragmenter needs to be run will be displayed
7. Defragmenter can still be run, although the report says it is not required
8. When complete a report can be viewed by selecting “View Report”











After viewing the report the utility can be closed. As part of a regular routine, defragmenter should be run on all drives once a fortnight.

Disk Clean Up

Disk cleanup can be used to clear unused files on the hard drive and offers more options than just emptying the recycle bin and deleting temporary internet files. Files such as temp, office setup and old restore points can be removed in one operation; this offers more flexibility for file removal.

1. To access Disk Cleanup open “My Computer” and right click the drive to be cleaned then select “Properties”
2. Next select “Disk Cleanup”
3. Tick the items to be removed
4. Select “Yes” to confirm deletion of the files
5. The files will then be removed from the hard drive











The space is now returned to the hard drive. Click “OK” to finish

Favorites

Favourites or bookmarks is a list of internet sites that have been visited and kept for future reference. As this list grows it can be come untidy and difficult to navigate.
The following section will describe how to delete items and place favourites in folders for easier navigation.

1.      To access your favourites open “Internet Explorer”

2.      When Internet Explorer opens select “Favourites”

3.      When selected, a drop down list of all favourites will be displayed

4.      Select “Organise Favourites”

5.      Firstly we will delete an item that is no longer required

6.      Select the item, then click “delete”

7.      Select “Yes” to confirm deletion

8.      The item will been sent to the recycle bin.

9.      Select “Create Folder” to start organising favourites

10.   Select “Rename” and give the new folder a name i.e. “computers”

11.    There are two ways to move items in to folders.

12.    Select an item then click “Move to Folder”

13.  Now select the folder and the item is moved into the folder.

14.    OR use drag and drop

15.    Left click the item and hold, then drag to the folder

16.    The black line indicates the position where the item will be placed

17.    When in the correct place release the mouse button, the item has now been moved to its new folder

18.    With folders created, and items moved, the favourites is now easier to navigate.

19.    Select a folder to view its contents

Files and Folders

Files are organized on your computer in folders. If it helps, think of your computer as a filing cabinet. There may be drawers that group information or paperwork, e.g. one drawer for household items, another for personal items and so on. Inside the drawers there are dividers for sub groups such as gas, electricity, insurance etc in the household drawer. The personal drawer might contain details about holidays, certificates, letters etc. Inside the dividers there will be the information or paperwork, which could even be sub-divided in paper folders. The permutations are endless and you are only constricted in the number of files and folders you have by your computer’s available storage space.              

1.      In this scenario we have a folder called “storage” containing different files – double click on the folder “storage”.

2.      Inside the folder three files can be seen

3.      Below is a graphical representation of how this file/folder structure is organise

4.      Once inside the folder the files can be viewed in different formats depending on your preference – Click on “View” and select “Thumbnails”

5.      Here the files are viewed as thumbnails – again click on “View”

6.      Next select “List”

7.      Here the files are viewed as a list format – click “View”

8.      Next select “Details”

9.      Here the files are viewed in the details format which gives a more descriptive view and properties of each file – Click on “View”

10.  Select “Arrange Icons by” and choose “Name”

11.  Here the files are arranged alphabetically by order of name. Click “View”

12.  Select “Arrange Icons by” and choose “Type”

13.  Here the files are arranged by type i.e. all Word files will be grouped together, all PowerPoint together etc – again click “View”

14.  Select “Arrange Icons by” and choose “Modified”

15.  Here the files are displayed in date and time order of when they last were edited.

16.  Next select “View” then “Arrange Icons by” and “Show in Groups”

17.  Now the files are displayed alphabetically, regardless of file type, this is particularly useful when large numbers of files are stored in a folder.

18.  Another way of viewing files and folders is through “Windows Explorer”. To locate select “Start”

19.  Select “All Programs”

20.  Select “Accessories” and next “Windows Explorer”

21.  From the left-hand pane the folder “storage” can be found.  Then double click

22.  Once open the files can be viewed in the right hand window

23.  Microsoft have also provided a convenient location for you to store your files, this is known as the “My Documents” folder – click on “Start”

24.  Select “My Documents”- Here a drop down view of the contents of the folder can be seen

25.  For a more detailed view – right click “My Documents” and select Open”

26.  The contents can now be viewed more clearly and in detail.

27.  Another useful folder that is provided is the “My Pictures” folder – click “Start” and select “My Pictures”

28.  Here your electronic photo album can be viewed

29.  Here the pictures can be viewed in the same way as normal files but with some extra features- click “View” and select “Filmstrip”, photos can be selected and be viewed in more detail in the centre of the screen

30.  Another added feature is the “Pictures Taken On” view, this allows photos to be organised by date & time from when the original photos were taken from a digital camera or photo camera

31.  The easiest way to view your photo album is by the slide show as this method allows you to view pictures full screen without any user intervention – In the left hand pane click “View as a slide show”

32.  And the slide show will begin….

33.  ….and will carry on automatically

34.  The slide show can then be stopped by placing the mouse cursor over the screen and clicking on the cross in the top right hand corner

Recycle Bin

When a file is deleted from the hard drive it is placed by default in the recycle bin, only when the recycle bin is emptied is the file actually removed from the hard drive and the disk space can be used again. Whilst in the recycle bin deleted items can still be recovered, in case of accidental deletion.

1. How to recover a file from the recycle bin e.g. The “my music folder” will be deleted and then recovered
2. Right click the “my music” folder and select “delete”
3. Select yes to confirm deletion
4. The file has now been sent to the recycle bin. To recover this file, Right click the recycle bin and select “open”.
5. Highlight (single left click) the file to be recovered
6. Note the task box on the left changes from “restore all items” to “restore this item”. With the file highlighted select “restore this item”
7. When clicked the file is restored to its original location.
8. With the file recovered, the recycle bin can be emptied to remove the unwanted files. Right click the recycle bin and select “empty recycle bin”
9. Select yes to confirm deletion of the files
10. The recycle bin is now empty; the bin should be emptied on a regular basis, once per week, as up to 10% of the hard disk space is allocated for storage of deleted files.











A lot of valuable disk space can be saved by routinely emptying the recycle bin. The recycle bin should be emptied before running defragmenter so free space can be reused.

Scan Disk

Scandisk is used to check the integrity of the file system, also to scan the physical hard disk for bad sectors. These bad sectors can lead to data loss or corruption and are one of the first signs of a failing hard disk. When bad sectors are encountered scandisk will attempt to repair these sectors or mark them as unusable.

1. To access scandisk open “My Computer” and right click on the drive that you want scanned. Select “Properties”
2. From the tools tab under “Error Checking” select “Check Now”
3. Two options are available to check
1. the file system
2. or the disk
4. Click “Start” to begin Phase 1.
5. After phase 1 “file system check” has completed click “OK” to finish,
6. Then start the disk check by ticking  “Scan for and attempt to recover bad sectors.”
7. Then click “Start”
8. This is a two phase operation and may take sometime to complete
9. When complete click “OK” to finish
10. And “OK” to close Scandisk.











Like Defragmenter, Scandisk should be run on a regular basis to ensure the file system and hard disk are maintained to their optimum.

Temporary Internet Files and Cookies

Temporary Internet Files: for every website that is visited whilst browsing the internet, files and pictures are stored on your computer. They are stored as cached copies so the website can be displayed quicker if revisited. These files can occupy up to 10% of the total hard drive space. Deleting these files on a regular basis frees up valuable drive space. 
Cookies are small text based files placed on the hard drive by websites. They are used to track pages and links visited on that site or other sites viewed from links on that site. Some of these cookies are deleted when the browser is closed; there are also persistent cookies which remain on the computer.

1. To delete temporary internet files and cookies, right click “Internet Explorer” and select “Properties”
2. Then in the Temporary Internet files section, select “Delete Files”
3. Select “OK” to confirm deletion of the files
4. Next select “Delete Cookies”
5. For help on any item that shows on this page click the “?”, then click the item.
6. Click “OK” to confirm deletion of these files
7. For privacy purposes the history of websites visited can also be cleared by clicking “Clear History”











Click “Yes” to confirm deletion of these files

Antivirus Software

A virus scanner is possibly the most important piece of software that is installed on your computer. Protection from viruses is only as good as the last update. Out of date virus protection may as well not be on the computer; sometimes up to 100 new virus a month are released into the wild (term used to describe when a virus is on the internet) so up to date virus protection is a must. Virus protection should be updated at least once a week, or preferably automatically when connected to the internet. Virus scanners can be downloaded free from the internet so cost should never be reason for not having adequate protection.      
The next section will deal with running a virus scan using AVG antivirus, a free virus scanner downloadable from the internet.

1. To start click the desktop icon
2. On the opening screen select “Check for Updates”, always make certain the latest update has been installed.
3. Scanner will connect to the internet and download available updates
4. Updates may include new virus updates and new components
5. Select “Update” to download and install the new files
6. When the download completes all files will be automatically updated
7. Select “OK” to finish the updates
8. Now everything is up to date a scan can be run. Select “Scan Computer” to begin
9. The scan may take some time to complete
10. A summary of the scan is displayed on completion, in this case no viruses were found
11. Keeping the virus scanner updated can be automated so there is less chance of updates being missed or forgotten.
12. This  can be scheduled at start-up or a set time of day when the computer will be connected to the internet. This requires schedule to be set up, select “Scheduler”.
13. Highlight “Update Plan” then select “Edit Schedule”
14. Select the most suitable time from the drop down menu
15. Also tick “If Internet connection is not available, check when it goes online”
16. With both options selected, if the computer is not on at the scheduled time it will update when the internet becomes available. Select “OK” to set the new schedule.
17. All files that are to be loaded onto the computer from other sources e.g. floppy discs, downloaded documents and attachments should always be scanned before you open them.
18. Even if these files are received from family and friends, better safe than sorry.
19. People may not realise they have a virus on their computer.
20. A file is about to be opened off a floppy disc. Before the file is opened, right click on the drive then select “Scan with ….”
21. The disc will be scanned ensuring no viruses are transferred to the system.
22. If the scan finds no infected files the disc can be safely opened. Click “Close to finish”











Always remember better safe than sorry.